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+<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbpasswd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.68.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbpasswd.5"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbpasswd — The Samba encrypted password file</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><p><code class="filename">smbpasswd</code></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id2489026"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="samba.7.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">samba</span>(7)</span></a> suite.</p><p>smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file. It contains
+ the username, Unix user id and the SMB hashed passwords of the
+ user, as well as account flag information and the time the
+ password was last changed. This file format has been evolving with
+ Samba and has had several different formats in the past. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id2489052"></a><h2>FILE FORMAT</h2><p>The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2.2
+ is very similar to the familiar Unix <code class="filename">passwd(5)</code>
+ file. It is an ASCII file containing one line for each user. Each field
+ ithin each line is separated from the next by a colon. Any entry
+ beginning with '#' is ignored. The smbpasswd file contains the
+ following information for each user: </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">name</span></dt><dd><p> This is the user name. It must be a name that
+ already exists in the standard UNIX passwd file. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">uid</span></dt><dd><p>This is the UNIX uid. It must match the uid
+ field for the same user entry in the standard UNIX passwd file.
+ If this does not match then Samba will refuse to recognize
+ this smbpasswd file entry as being valid for a user.
+ </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Lanman Password Hash</span></dt><dd><p>This is the LANMAN hash of the user's password,
+ encoded as 32 hex digits. The LANMAN hash is created by DES
+ encrypting a well known string with the user's password as the
+ DES key. This is the same password used by Windows 95/98 machines.
+ Note that this password hash is regarded as weak as it is
+ vulnerable to dictionary attacks and if two users choose the
+ same password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password
+ is not "salted" as the UNIX password is). If the user has a
+ null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD"
+ as the start of the hex string. If the hex string is equal to
+ 32 'X' characters then the user's account is marked as
+ <code class="constant">disabled</code> and the user will not be able to
+ log onto the Samba server. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING !!</em></span> Note that, due to
+ the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication
+ protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will
+ be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this
+ reason these hashes are known as <span class="emphasis"><em>plain text
+ equivalents</em></span> and must <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be made
+ available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords
+ the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and
+ traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file
+ itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no
+ other access. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NT Password Hash</span></dt><dd><p>This is the Windows NT hash of the user's
+ password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The Windows NT hash is
+ created by taking the user's password as represented in
+ 16-bit, little-endian UNICODE and then applying the MD4
+ (internet rfc1321) hashing algorithm to it. </p><p>This password hash is considered more secure than
+ the LANMAN Password Hash as it preserves the case of the
+ password and uses a much higher quality hashing algorithm.
+ However, it is still the case that if two users choose the same
+ password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password is
+ not "salted" as the UNIX password is). </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING !!</em></span>. Note that, due to
+ the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication
+ protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will
+ be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this
+ reason these hashes are known as <span class="emphasis"><em>plain text
+ equivalents</em></span> and must <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be made
+ available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords
+ the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and
+ traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file
+ itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no
+ other access. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Account Flags</span></dt><dd><p>This section contains flags that describe
+ the attributes of the users account. This field is bracketed by
+ '[' and ']' characters and is always 13 characters in length
+ (including the '[' and ']' characters).
+ The contents of this field may be any of the following characters:
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>U</em></span> - This means
+ this is a "User" account, i.e. an ordinary user.</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>N</em></span> - This means the
+ account has no password (the passwords in the fields LANMAN
+ Password Hash and NT Password Hash are ignored). Note that this
+ will only allow users to log on with no password if the <em class="parameter"><code>
+ null passwords</code></em> parameter is set in the
+ <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> config file. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>D</em></span> - This means the account
+ is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed for this user. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>X</em></span> - This means the password
+ does not expire. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>W</em></span> - This means this account
+ is a "Workstation Trust" account. This kind of account is used
+ in the Samba PDC code stream to allow Windows NT Workstations
+ and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC. </p></li></ul></div><p>Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future.
+ The rest of this field space is filled in with spaces. For further
+ information regarding the flags that are supported please refer to the
+ man page for the <span><strong class="command">pdbedit</strong></span> command.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Last Change Time</span></dt><dd><p>This field consists of the time the account was
+ last modified. It consists of the characters 'LCT-' (standing for
+ "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric encoding of the UNIX time
+ in seconds since the epoch (1970) that the last change was made.
+ </p></dd></dl></div><p>All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id2450893"></a><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of
+ the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id2450904"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbpasswd.8.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbpasswd</span>(8)</span></a>, <a href="Samba.7.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">Samba</span>(7)</span></a>, and
+ the Internet RFC1321 for details on the MD4 algorithm.
+ </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="id2450930"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities
+ were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
+ by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
+ to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer.
+ The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
+ excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top">
+ ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
+ release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
+ Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2
+ for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html>
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