Initial import
[samba] / examples / misc / adssearch.pl
diff --git a/examples/misc/adssearch.pl b/examples/misc/adssearch.pl
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..f9a7f94
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1709 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w
+# 
+# adssearch.pl         - query an Active Directory server and
+#                display objects in a human readable format
+#
+# Copyright (C) Guenther Deschner <gd@samba.org> 2003-2005
+#
+# TODO: add range retrieval
+#      write sddl-converter, decode userParameters
+#      chase referrals
+#      apparently only win2k3 allows simple-binds with machine-accounts.
+#      make sasl support independent from Authen::SASL::Cyrus v >0.11
+use strict;
+
+use Net::LDAP;
+use Net::LDAP::Control;
+use Convert::ASN1;
+use Time::Local;
+use POSIX qw(strftime);
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $have_sasl;
+my $works_sasl;
+my $pref_version;
+BEGIN {
+       my $class = 'Authen::SASL';
+       $pref_version = "0.32";
+        if ( eval "require $class;" ) {
+                $have_sasl = 1;
+        }
+        if ( eval "Net::LDAP->VERSION($pref_version);" ) {
+                $works_sasl = 1;
+        }
+}
+
+# users may set defaults here
+my $base       = "";
+my $binddn     = "";
+my $password   = "";
+my $server     = "";
+
+my $tdbdump    = "/usr/bin/tdbdump";
+my $testparm   = "/usr/bin/testparm";
+my $net                = "/usr/bin/net";
+my $dig                = "/usr/bin/dig";
+my $nmblookup  = "/usr/bin/nmblookup";
+my $secrets_tdb = "/etc/samba/secrets.tdb";
+my $klist      = "/usr/bin/klist";
+my $kinit      = "/usr/bin/kinit";
+my $ads_h      = "/home/gd/ads.h";
+my $page_size  = "1000";
+my $workgroup  = "";
+my $machine    = "";
+my $realm      = "";
+
+# parse input
+my (
+       $opt_asq,
+       $opt_base, 
+       $opt_binddn,
+       $opt_debug,
+       $opt_display_extendeddn,
+       $opt_display_metadata,
+       $opt_display_raw,
+       $opt_dump_rootdse,
+       $opt_dump_schema,
+       $opt_dump_wknguid,
+       $opt_help, 
+       $opt_host, 
+       $opt_machine,
+       $opt_notify, 
+       $opt_notify_nodiffs, 
+       $opt_password,
+       $opt_port,
+       $opt_realm,
+       $opt_saslmech,
+       $opt_scope, 
+       $opt_simpleauth,
+       $opt_starttls,
+       $opt_user,
+       $opt_verbose,
+       $opt_workgroup,
+);
+
+GetOptions(
+       'asq=s'         => \$opt_asq,
+       'base|b=s'      => \$opt_base,
+       'D|DN=s'        => \$opt_binddn,
+       'debug=i'       => \$opt_debug,
+       'extendeddn|e'  => \$opt_display_extendeddn,
+       'help'          => \$opt_help,
+       'host|h=s'      => \$opt_host,
+       'machine|P'     => \$opt_machine,
+       'metadata|m'    => \$opt_display_metadata,
+       'nodiffs'       => \$opt_notify_nodiffs,
+       'notify|n'      => \$opt_notify,
+       'password|w=s'  => \$opt_password,
+       'port=i'        => \$opt_port,
+       'rawdisplay'    => \$opt_display_raw,
+       'realm|R=s'     => \$opt_realm,
+       'rootDSE'       => \$opt_dump_rootdse,
+       'saslmech|Y=s'  => \$opt_saslmech,
+       'schema|c'      => \$opt_dump_schema,
+       'scope|s=s'     => \$opt_scope,
+       'simpleauth|x'  => \$opt_simpleauth,
+       'tls|Z'         => \$opt_starttls,
+       'user|U=s'      => \$opt_user,
+       'verbose|v'     => \$opt_verbose,
+       'wknguid'       => \$opt_dump_wknguid,
+       'workgroup|k=s' => \$opt_workgroup,
+       );
+
+
+# activate controls
+my $paging     = 1 if !$opt_notify;
+
+if (!@ARGV && !$opt_dump_schema && !$opt_dump_rootdse && !$opt_notify || $opt_help) {
+       usage();
+       exit 1;
+}
+
+# get the query
+my $query      = shift;
+my @attrs      = @ARGV;
+
+# some global vars
+my ($filter, $dse, $uri);
+my ($attr, $value);
+my (@ctrls, @ctrls_s);
+my ($ctl_paged, $cookie);
+my ($page_count, $total_entry_count);
+my ($sasl_hd, $async_ldap_hd, $sync_ldap_hd);
+my ($mesg, $usn);
+my (%entry_store);
+my $async_search;
+my (%ads_atype, %ads_gtype, %ads_grouptype, %ads_uf);
+
+# fixed values and vars
+my $set        = "X";
+my $unset      = "-";
+my $tabsize    = "\t\t\t";
+
+# get defaults
+my $scope      = $opt_scope    || "sub"; 
+my $port       = $opt_port;
+
+my %ads_controls = (
+"LDAP_SERVER_NOTIFICATION_OID"         => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.528",
+"LDAP_SERVER_EXTENDED_DN_OID"          => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.529",
+"LDAP_PAGED_RESULT_OID_STRING"         => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.319",
+"LDAP_SERVER_SD_FLAGS_OID"             => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.801",
+"LDAP_SERVER_SORT_OID"                 => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.473",
+"LDAP_SERVER_RESP_SORT_OID"            => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.474",
+"LDAP_CONTROL_VLVREQUEST"              => "2.16.840.1.113730.3.4.9",
+"LDAP_CONTROL_VLVRESPONSE"             => "2.16.840.1.113730.3.4.10",
+"LDAP_SERVER_RANGE_RETRIEVAL"          => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.802", #unsure
+"LDAP_SERVER_SHOW_DELETED_OID"         => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.417",
+"LDAP_SERVER_CROSSDOM_MOVE_TARGET_OID"         => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.521",
+"LDAP_SERVER_LAZY_COMMIT_OID"          => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.619",
+"LDAP_SERVER_TREE_DELETE_OID"          => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.805",
+"LDAP_SERVER_DIRSYNC_OID"              => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.841",
+"LDAP_SERVER_VERIFY_NAME_OID"          => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1338",
+"LDAP_SERVER_DOMAIN_SCOPE_OID"         => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1339",
+"LDAP_SERVER_SEARCH_OPTIONS_OID"       => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1340",
+"LDAP_SERVER_PERMISSIVE_MODIFY_OID"    => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1413",
+"LDAP_SERVER_ASQ_OID"                  => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1504",
+"NONE (Get stats control)"             => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.970",
+"LDAP_SERVER_QUOTA_CONTROL_OID"                => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1852",
+);
+
+my %ads_capabilities = (
+"LDAP_CAP_ACTIVE_DIRECTORY_OID"                => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.800",
+"LDAP_CAP_ACTIVE_DIRECTORY_V51_OID"    => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1670",
+"LDAP_CAP_ACTIVE_DIRECTORY_LDAP_INTEG_OID" => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1791",
+);
+
+my %ads_extensions = (
+"LDAP_START_TLS_OID"                   => "1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.20037",
+"LDAP_TTL_EXTENDED_OP_OID"             => "1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.101.119.1",
+"LDAP_SERVER_FAST_BIND_OID"            => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.1781", 
+"NONE (TTL refresh extended op)"       => "1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.101.119.1",
+);
+
+my %ads_matching_rules = (
+"LDAP_MATCHING_RULE_BIT_AND"           => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.803",
+"LDAP_MATCHING_RULE_BIT_OR"            => "1.2.840.113556.1.4.804",
+);
+
+my %wknguids = (
+"WELL_KNOWN_GUID_COMPUTERS"            => "AA312825768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD",
+"WELL_KNOWN_GUID_DOMAIN_CONTROLLERS"   => "A361B2FFFFD211D1AA4B00C04FD7D83A",
+"WELL_KNOWN_GUID_SYSTEM"               => "AB1D30F3768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD",
+"WELL_KNOWN_GUID_USERS"                        => "A9D1CA15768811D1ADED00C04FD8D5CD",
+);
+
+my %ads_systemflags = (
+"FLAG_DONT_REPLICATE"                  => 0x00000001,  # 1
+"FLAG_REPLICATE_TO_GC"                 => 0x00000002,  # 2
+"FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_CONSTRUCT"             => 0x00000004,  # 4
+"FLAG_CATEGORY_1_OBJECT"               => 0x00000010,  # 16
+"FLAG_DELETE_WITHOUT_TOMBSTONE"                => 0x02000000,  # 33554432
+"FLAG_DOMAIN_DISALLOW_MOVE"            => 0x04000000,  # 67108864
+"FLAG_DOMAIN_DISALLOW_RENAME"          => 0x08000000,  # 134217728
+#"FLAG_CONFIG_CAN_MOVE_RESTRICTED"     => 0x10000000,  # 268435456     # only setable on creation
+#"FLAG_CONFIG_CAN_MOVE"                        => 0x20000000,  # 536870912     # only setable on creation
+#"FLAG_CONFIG_CAN_RENAME"              => 0x40000000,  # 1073741824    # only setable on creation
+"FLAG_DISALLOW_DELETE"                 => 0x80000000,  # 2147483648
+);
+
+my %ads_mixed_domain = (
+"NATIVE_LEVEL_DOMAIN"                  => 0,
+"MIXED_LEVEL_DOMAIN"                   => 1,
+);
+
+my %ads_ds_func = (
+"DS_BEHAVIOR_WIN2000"                  => 0,   # untested
+"DS_BEHAVIOR_WIN2003"                  => 2,
+);
+
+my %ads_instance_type = (
+"DS_INSTANCETYPE_IS_NC_HEAD"           => 0x1,
+"IT_WRITE"                             => 0x4,
+"IT_NC_ABOVE"                          => 0x8,
+);
+
+my %ads_uacc = (
+       "ACCOUNT_NEVER_EXPIRES"         => 0x000000, # 0 
+       "ACCOUNT_OK"                    => 0x800000, # 8388608
+       "ACCOUNT_LOCKED_OUT"            => 0x800010, # 8388624
+);
+
+my %ads_gpoptions = (
+       "GPOPTIONS_INHERIT"             => 0,
+       "GPOPTIONS_BLOCK_INHERITANCE"   => 1,
+);
+
+my %ads_gplink_opts = (
+       "GPLINK_OPT_NONE"               => 0,
+       "GPLINK_OPT_DISABLED"           => 1,
+       "GPLINK_OPT_ENFORCED"           => 2,
+);
+
+my %ads_gpflags = (
+       "GPFLAGS_ALL_ENABLED"                   => 0,
+       "GPFLAGS_USER_SETTINGS_DISABLED"        => 1,
+       "GPFLAGS_MACHINE_SETTINGS_DISABLED"     => 2,
+       "GPFLAGS_ALL_DISABLED"                  => 3,
+);
+
+my %ads_serverstate = (
+       "SERVER_ENABLED"                => 1,
+       "SERVER_DISABLED"               => 2,
+);
+
+my %ads_sdeffective = (
+       "OWNER_SECURITY_INFORMATION"    => 0x01,
+       "DACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION"     => 0x04,
+       "SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION"     => 0x10,
+);
+
+my %ads_trustattrs = (
+       "TRUST_ATTRIBUTE_NON_TRANSITIVE"        => 1,
+       "TRUST_ATTRIBUTE_TREE_PARENT"           => 2,
+       "TRUST_ATTRIBUTE_TREE_ROOT"             => 3,
+       "TRUST_ATTRIBUTE_UPLEVEL_ONLY"          => 4,
+);
+
+my %ads_trustdirection = (
+       "TRUST_DIRECTION_INBOUND"               => 1,
+       "TRUST_DIRECTION_OUTBOUND"              => 2,
+       "TRUST_DIRECTION_BIDIRECTIONAL"         => 3,
+);
+
+my %ads_trusttype = (
+       "TRUST_TYPE_DOWNLEVEL"                  => 1,
+       "TRUST_TYPE_UPLEVEL"                    => 2,
+       "TRUST_TYPE_KERBEROS"                   => 3,
+       "TRUST_TYPE_DCE"                        => 4,
+);
+
+my %ads_pwdproperties = (
+       "DOMAIN_PASSWORD_COMPLEX"               => 1, 
+       "DOMAIN_PASSWORD_NO_ANON_CHANGE"        => 2, 
+       "DOMAIN_PASSWORD_NO_CLEAR_CHANGE"       => 4, 
+       "DOMAIN_LOCKOUT_ADMINS"                 => 8, 
+       "DOMAIN_PASSWORD_STORE_CLEARTEXT"       => 16, 
+       "DOMAIN_REFUSE_PASSWORD_CHANGE"         => 32,
+);
+
+my %ads_uascompat = (
+       "LANMAN_USER_ACCOUNT_SYSTEM_NOLIMITS"   => 0,
+       "LANMAN_USER_ACCOUNT_SYSTEM_COMPAT"     => 1,
+);
+
+my %ads_frstypes = (
+       "REPLICA_SET_SYSVOL"            => 2,   # unsure
+       "REPLICA_SET_DFS"               => 1,   # unsure
+       "REPLICA_SET_OTHER"             => 0,   # unsure
+);
+
+my %ads_gp_cse_extensions = (
+"Administrative Templates Extension"   => "35378EAC-683F-11D2-A89A-00C04FBBCFA2",
+"Disk Quotas"                          => "3610EDA5-77EF-11D2-8DC5-00C04FA31A66",
+"EFS Recovery"                         => "B1BE8D72-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A",
+"Folder Redirection"                   => "25537BA6-77A8-11D2-9B6C-0000F8080861",
+"IP Security"                          => "E437BC1C-AA7D-11D2-A382-00C04F991E27",
+"Internet Explorer Maintenance"                => "A2E30F80-D7DE-11d2-BBDE-00C04F86AE3B",
+"QoS Packet Scheduler"                 => "426031c0-0b47-4852-b0ca-ac3d37bfcb39",
+"Scripts"                              => "42B5FAAE-6536-11D2-AE5A-0000F87571E3",
+"Security"                             => "827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A",
+"Software Installation"                        => "C6DC5466-785A-11D2-84D0-00C04FB169F7",
+);
+
+# guess work
+my %ads_gpcextensions = (
+"Administrative Templates"             => "0F6B957D-509E-11D1-A7CC-0000F87571E3",
+"Certificates"                         => "53D6AB1D-2488-11D1-A28C-00C04FB94F17",
+"EFS recovery policy processing"       => "B1BE8D72-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A",
+"Folder Redirection policy processing" => "25537BA6-77A8-11D2-9B6C-0000F8080861",
+"Folder Redirection"                   => "88E729D6-BDC1-11D1-BD2A-00C04FB9603F",
+"Registry policy processing"           => "35378EAC-683F-11D2-A89A-00C04FBBCFA2",
+"Remote Installation Services"         => "3060E8CE-7020-11D2-842D-00C04FA372D4",
+"Security Settings"                    => "803E14A0-B4FB-11D0-A0D0-00A0C90F574B",
+"Security policy processing"           => "827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A",
+"unknown"                              => "3060E8D0-7020-11D2-842D-00C04FA372D4",
+"unknown2"                             => "53D6AB1B-2488-11D1-A28C-00C04FB94F17",
+);
+
+my %ads_gpo_default_guids = (
+"Default Domain Policy"                        => "31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9",
+"Default Domain Controllers Policy"    => "6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9",
+"mist"                                 => "61718096-3D3F-4398-8318-203A48976F9E",
+);
+
+my %munged_dial = (
+       "CtxCfgPresent"         => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxCfgFlags1"          => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxCallback"           => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxShadow"             => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxMaxConnectionTime"  => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxMaxDisconnectionTime"=> \&dump_int,
+       "CtxMaxIdleTime"        => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxKeyboardLayout"     => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxMinEncryptionLevel" => \&dump_int,
+       "CtxWorkDirectory"      => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxNWLogonServer"      => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxWFHomeDir"          => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxWFHomeDirDrive"     => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxWFProfilePath"      => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxInitialProgram"     => \&dump_string,
+       "CtxCallbackNumber"     => \&dump_string,
+);
+
+$SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
+       use Carp;
+       Carp::cluck (shift);
+};
+
+# parse ads.h
+parse_ads_h();
+
+# if there is data missing, we try to autodetect with samba-tools (if installed)
+# this might fill up workgroup, machine, realm
+get_samba_info();
+
+# get a workgroup
+$workgroup     = $workgroup || $opt_workgroup || "";
+
+# get the server
+$server        = process_servername($opt_host) || 
+                 detect_server($workgroup,$opt_realm) || 
+                 die "please define server to query with -h host\n";
+
+
+# get the base
+$base          = $opt_base || 
+                 get_base_from_rootdse($server,$dse);
+
+# get the realm
+$realm         = $opt_realm || 
+                 get_realm_from_rootdse($server,$dse);
+
+# get sasl mechs
+my @sasl_mechs = get_sasl_mechs_from_rootdse($server,$dse);
+my $sasl_mech  = "GSSAPI";
+if ($opt_saslmech) {
+       $sasl_mech = sprintf("%s", (check_sasl_mech($opt_saslmech) == 0)?uc($opt_saslmech):"");
+}
+
+# set bind type
+my $sasl_bind = 1 if (!$opt_simpleauth);
+
+# get username
+my $user       = check_user($opt_user) || $ENV{'USER'} || "";
+
+# gen upn
+my $upn                = sprintf("%s", gen_upn($opt_machine ? "$machine\$" : $user, $realm));
+
+# get binddn
+$binddn                = $opt_binddn || $upn;
+
+# get the password
+$password      = $password || $opt_password;
+if (!$password) {
+       $password = $opt_machine ? get_machine_password($workgroup) : get_password();
+}
+
+my %attr_handler = (
+       "Token-Groups-No-GC-Acceptable" => \&dump_sid,  #wrong name
+       "accountExpires"                => \&dump_nttime,
+       "badPasswordTime"               => \&dump_nttime,                       
+       "creationTime"                  => \&dump_nttime,
+       "currentTime"                   => \&dump_timestr,
+       "domainControllerFunctionality" => \&dump_ds_func,
+       "domainFunctionality"           => \&dump_ds_func,
+       "fRSReplicaSetGUID"             => \&dump_guid,
+       "fRSReplicaSetType"             => \&dump_frstype,
+       "fRSVersionGUID"                => \&dump_guid,
+       "flags"                         => \&dump_gpflags,      # fixme: possibly only on gpos!
+       "forceLogoff"                   => \&dump_nttime_abs,
+       "forestFunctionality"           => \&dump_ds_func,
+#      "gPCMachineExtensionNames"      => \&dump_gpcextensions,
+#      "gPCUserExtensionNames"         => \&dump_gpcextensions,
+       "gPLink"                        => \&dump_gplink,
+       "gPOptions"                     => \&dump_gpoptions,
+       "groupType"                     => \&dump_gtype,
+       "instanceType"                  => \&dump_instance_type,
+       "lastLogon"                     => \&dump_nttime,
+       "lastLogonTimestamp"            => \&dump_nttime,
+       "lockOutObservationWindow"      => \&dump_nttime_abs,
+       "lockoutDuration"               => \&dump_nttime_abs,
+       "lockoutTime"                   => \&dump_nttime,
+#      "logonHours"                    => \&dump_logonhours,
+       "maxPwdAge"                     => \&dump_nttime_abs,
+       "minPwdAge"                     => \&dump_nttime_abs,
+       "modifyTimeStamp"               => \&dump_timestr,
+       "msDS-Behavior-Version"         => \&dump_ds_func,      #unsure
+       "msDS-User-Account-Control-Computed" => \&dump_uacc,
+#      "msRADIUSFramedIPAddress"       => \&dump_ipaddr,
+#      "msRASSavedFramedIPAddress"     => \&dump_ipaddr,
+       "nTMixedDomain"                 => \&dump_mixed_domain,
+       "nTSecurityDescriptor"          => \&dump_secdesc,
+       "objectGUID"                    => \&dump_guid,
+       "objectSid"                     => \&dump_sid,
+       "pKT"                           => \&dump_pkt,
+       "pKTGuid"                       => \&dump_guid,
+       "pwdLastSet"                    => \&dump_nttime,
+       "pwdProperties"                 => \&dump_pwdproperties,
+       "sAMAccountType"                => \&dump_atype,
+       "sDRightsEffective"             => \&dump_sdeffective,
+       "securityIdentifier"            => \&dump_sid,
+       "serverState"                   => \&dump_serverstate,
+       "supportedCapabilities",        => \&dump_capabilities,
+       "supportedControl",             => \&dump_controls,
+       "supportedExtension",           => \&dump_extension,
+       "systemFlags"                   => \&dump_systemflags,
+       "tokenGroups",                  => \&dump_sid,
+       "tokenGroupsGlobalAndUniversal" => \&dump_sid,
+       "trustAttributes"               => \&dump_trustattr,
+       "trustDirection"                => \&dump_trustdirection,
+       "trustType"                     => \&dump_trusttype,
+       "uASCompat"                     => \&dump_uascompat,
+       "userAccountControl"            => \&dump_uac,
+       "userCertificate"               => \&dump_cert,
+       "userFlags"                     => \&dump_uf,
+       "userParameters"                => \&dump_munged_dial,
+       "whenChanged"                   => \&dump_timestr,
+       "whenCreated"                   => \&dump_timestr,
+#      "dSCorePropagationData"         => \&dump_timestr,
+);
+
+
+
+################
+# subfunctions #
+################
+
+sub usage {
+       print "usage: $0 [--asq] [--base|-b base] [--debug level] [--debug level] [--DN|-D binddn] [--extendeddn|-e] [--help] [--host|-h host] [--machine|-P] [--metadata|-m] [--nodiffs] [--notify|-n] [--password|-w password] [--port port] [--rawdisplay] [--realm|-R realm] [--rootdse] [--saslmech|-Y saslmech] [--schema|-c] [--scope|-s scope] [--simpleauth|-x] [--starttls|-Z] [--user|-U user] [--wknguid] [--workgroup|-k workgroup] filter [attrs]\n";
+       print "\t--asq [attribute]\n\t\tAttribute to use for a attribute scoped query (LDAP_SERVER_ASQ_OID)\n";
+       print "\t--base|-b [base]\n\t\tUse base [base]\n";
+       print "\t--debug [level]\n\t\tUse debuglevel (for Net::LDAP)\n";
+       print "\t--DN|-D [binddn]\n\t\tUse binddn or principal\n";
+       print "\t--extendeddn|-e\n\t\tDisplay extended dn (LDAP_SERVER_EXTENDED_DN_OID)\n";
+       print "\t--help\n\t\tDisplay help page\n";
+       print "\t--host|-h [host]\n\t\tQuery Host [host] (either a hostname or an LDAP uri)\n";
+       print "\t--machine|-P\n\t\tUse samba3 machine account stored in $secrets_tdb (needs root access)\n";
+       print "\t--metdata|-m\n\t\tDisplay replication metadata\n";
+       print "\t--nodiffs\n\t\tDisplay no diffs but full entry dump when running in notify mode\n";
+       print "\t--notify|-n\n\t\tActivate asynchronous change notification (LDAP_SERVER_NOTIFICATION_OID)\n";
+       print "\t--password|-w [password]\n\t\tUse [password] for binddn\n";
+       print "\t--port [port]\n\t\tUse [port] when connecting ADS\n";
+       print "\t--rawdisplay\n\t\tDo not interpret values\n";
+       print "\t--realm|-R [realm]\n\t\tUse [realm] when trying to construct bind-principal\n";
+       print "\t--rootdse\n\t\tDisplay RootDSE (anonymously)\n";
+       print "\t--saslmech|-Y [saslmech]\n\t\tUse SASL Mechanism [saslmech] when binding\n";
+       print "\t--schema|-c\n\t\tDisplay DSE-Schema\n";
+       print "\t--scope|-s [scope]\n\t\tUse scope [scope] (sub, base, one)\n";
+       print "\t--simpleauth|-x\n\t\tUse simple bind (otherwise SASL binds are performed)\n";
+       print "\t--starttls|-Z\n\t\tUse Start TLS extended operation to secure LDAP traffic\n";
+       print "\t--user|-U [user]\n\t\tUse [user]\n";
+       print "\t--wknguid\n\t\tDisplay well known guids\n";
+       print "\t--workgroup|-k [workgroup]\n\t\tWhen LDAP-Server is not known try to find a Domain-Controller for [workgroup]\n";
+}
+
+sub write_ads_list {
+       my ($mod,$attr,$value) = @_;
+       my $ofh = select(STDOUT);
+       $~ = "ADS_LIST";
+       select($ofh);
+       write();
+
+format ADS_LIST =
+@<<<< @>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>: @*
+$mod, $attr, $value
+.
+}
+
+sub write_ads {
+       my ($mod,$attr,$value) = @_;
+       my $ofh = select(STDOUT);
+       $~ = "ADS";
+       select($ofh);
+       write();
+
+format ADS =
+@<<<< @>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>: ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+$mod, $attr, $value
+~~                             ^<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
+                               $value
+.
+}
+
+sub detect_server {
+
+       my $workgroup = shift;
+       my $realm = shift;
+       my $result;
+       my $found;
+
+       # try net cache (nbt records)
+       if ( -x $net && $workgroup ) {
+               my $key = sprintf("NBT/%s#1C", uc($workgroup));
+               chomp($result = `$net cache search $key 2>&1 /dev/null`);
+               $result =~ s/^.*Value: //;
+               $result =~ s/:.*//;
+               return $result if $result;
+               printf("%10s query failed for [%s]\n", "net cache", $key);
+       }
+
+       # try dns SRV entries
+       if ( -x $dig && $realm ) {
+               my $key = sprintf("_ldap._tcp.%s", lc($realm));
+               chomp($result = `$dig $key SRV +short +search | egrep "^[0-9]" | head -1`);
+               $result =~ s/.* //g;
+               $result =~ s/.$//g;
+               return $result if $result;
+               printf("%10s query failed for [%s]\n", "dns", $key);
+       }
+
+       # try netbios broadcast query
+       if ( -x $nmblookup && $workgroup ) {
+               my $key = sprintf("%s#1C", uc($workgroup));
+               my $pattern = sprintf("%s<1c>", uc($workgroup));
+               chomp($result = `$nmblookup $key -d 0 | grep '$pattern'`);
+               $result =~ s/\s.*//;
+               return $result if $result;
+               printf("%10s query failed for [%s]\n", "nmblookup", $key);
+       }
+
+       return "";
+}
+
+sub get_samba_info {
+
+       if (! -x $testparm) { return -1; }
+       
+       my $tmp;
+       open(TESTPARM, "$testparm -s -v 2> /dev/null |");
+       while (my $line = <TESTPARM>) {
+               chomp($line);
+               if ($line =~ /netbios name/) {
+                       ($tmp, $machine) = split(/=/, $line);
+                       $machine =~ s/\s+|\t+//g;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /realm/) {
+                       ($tmp, $realm) = split(/=/, $line);
+                       $realm =~ s/\s+|\t+//g;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /workgroup/) {
+                       ($tmp, $workgroup) = split(/=/, $line);
+                       $workgroup =~ s/\s+|\t+//g;
+               }
+       }
+       close(TESTPARM);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+sub gen_upn {
+       my $machine = shift;
+       my $realm = shift;
+       if ($machine && $realm) {
+               return sprintf("%s\@%s", lc($machine), uc($realm));
+       };
+       return undef;
+}
+
+sub get_password {
+       if (!$password && $opt_simpleauth && check_ticket($user)) {
+               return prompt_password($user);
+       }
+       return "";
+}
+
+sub get_user {
+       my $user = shift || prompt_user();
+       return $user;
+}
+
+sub get_machine_password {
+
+       my $workgroup = shift || "";
+       $workgroup = uc($workgroup);
+
+       my ($found, $tmp);
+       -x $tdbdump || die "tdbdump is not installed. cannot proceed autodetection\n";
+       -r $secrets_tdb || die "cannot read $secrets_tdb. cannot proceed autodetection\n";
+
+       # get machine-password
+       my $key = sprintf("SECRETS/MACHINE_PASSWORD/%s", $workgroup);
+       open(SECRETS,"$tdbdump $secrets_tdb |");
+       while(my $line = <SECRETS>) {
+               chomp($line);
+               if ($found) {
+                       $line =~ s/\\00//;
+                       ($line,$password) = split(/"/, $line);
+                       last;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /$key/) {
+                       $found = 1;
+               }
+       }
+       close(SECRETS);
+
+       if ($found) {
+               print "Successfully autodetected machine password for workgroup: $workgroup\n";
+               return $password;
+       } else {
+               warn "No machine password available for $workgroup\n";
+       }
+       return "";
+}
+
+sub prompt_password {
+
+       my $acct = shift || "";
+       if ($acct =~ /\%/) {
+               ($acct, $password) = split(/\%/, $acct);
+               return $password;
+       }
+       system "stty -echo";
+       print "Enter password for $acct:";
+       my $password = <STDIN>;
+       chomp($password);
+       print "\n";
+       system "stty echo";
+       return $password;
+}
+
+sub prompt_user {
+
+       print "Enter Username:";
+       my $user = <STDIN>;
+       chomp($user);
+       print "\n";
+       return $user;
+}
+
+sub check_ticket {
+       return 0;
+       # works only for heimdal
+       return system("$klist -t");
+}
+
+sub get_ticket {
+
+       my $KRB5_CONFIG = "/tmp/.krb5.conf.telads-$<";
+
+       open(KRB5CONF, "> $KRB5_CONFIG") || die "cannot write $KRB5_CONFIG";
+       printf  KRB5CONF "# autogenerated by $0\n";
+       printf  KRB5CONF "[libdefaults]\n\tdefault_realm = %s\n\tclockskew = %d\n", uc($realm), 60*60;
+       printf  KRB5CONF "[realms]\n\t%s = {\n\t\tkdc = %s\n\t}\n", uc($realm), $server;
+       close(KRB5CONF);
+
+       if ( system("KRB5_CONFIG=$KRB5_CONFIG $kinit $user") != 0) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+sub check_user {
+       my $acct = shift || "";
+       if ($acct =~ /\%/) {
+               ($acct, $password) = split(/\%/, $acct);
+       }
+       return $acct;
+}
+
+sub check_ctrls ($$@) {
+
+       # bogus function??
+       my $server = shift || "";
+       $dse = shift || get_dse($server) || return -1;
+       my @ctrls = @_;
+
+       my $dse_controls = $dse->get_value('supportedControl', asref => '1');
+       my @dse_controls = @$dse_controls;
+
+       foreach my $i (@ctrls) {
+               # we could use -> supported_control but this 
+               # is only available in newer versions of perl-ldap
+#              if ( ! $dse->supported_control( $i ) ) {
+               if ( grep(/$i->type()/, @dse_controls) ) { 
+                       printf("required control: %s is not supported by ADS-server.\n", $i->type());
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+sub get_base_from_rootdse {
+
+       my $server = shift || "";
+       $dse = shift || get_dse($server,$async_ldap_hd) || return -1;
+       return $dse->get_value('defaultNamingContext');
+}
+
+sub get_realm_from_rootdse {
+
+       my $server = shift || "";
+       $dse = shift || get_dse($server,$async_ldap_hd) || return -1;
+       my $service = $dse->get_value('ldapServiceName') || "";
+       if ($service) {
+               my ($t,$realm) = split(/\@/, $service);
+               return $realm;
+       } else {
+               die "very odd: could not get realm";
+       }
+}
+
+sub get_sasl_mechs_from_rootdse {
+
+       my $server = shift || "";
+       $dse = shift || get_dse($server,$async_ldap_hd) || return -1;
+       my $mechs = $dse->get_value('supportedSASLMechanisms', asref => 1);
+       return @$mechs;
+}
+
+sub get_dse {
+
+       my $server = shift || return undef;
+       $async_ldap_hd = shift || get_ldap_hd($server,1);
+       if (!$async_ldap_hd) {
+               print "oh, no connection\n";
+               return undef;
+       }
+       my $mesg = $async_ldap_hd->bind() || die "cannot bind\n";
+       if ($mesg->code) { die "failed to bind\n"; };
+       my $dse = $async_ldap_hd->root_dse( attrs => ['*', "supportedExtension", "supportedFeatures" ] );
+
+       return $dse;
+}
+
+sub process_servername {
+
+       my $name = shift || return "";
+       if ($name =~ /^ldaps:\/\//i ) {
+               $name =~ s#^ldaps://##i;
+               $uri = sprintf("%s://%s", "ldaps", $name);
+       } else {
+               $name =~ s#^ldap://##i;
+               $uri = sprintf("%s://%s", "ldap", $name);
+       }
+       return $name;
+}
+
+sub get_ldap_hd {
+
+       my $server = shift || return undef;
+       my $async = shift || "0";
+       my $hd;
+       die "uri unavailable" if (!$uri);
+       if ($uri =~ /^ldaps:\/\//i ) {
+               $port = $port || 636;
+               use Net::LDAPS;
+               $hd = Net::LDAPS->new( $server, async => $async, port => $port ) || 
+                       die "host $server not available: $!";
+       } else {
+               $port = $port || 389;
+               $hd = Net::LDAP->new( $server, async => $async, port => $port ) || 
+                       die "host $server not available: $!";
+       }
+       $hd->debug($opt_debug);
+       if ($opt_starttls) {
+               $hd->start_tls( verify => 'none' );
+       }
+
+       return $hd;
+}
+
+sub get_sasl_hd {
+
+       if (!$have_sasl) {
+               print "no sasl support\n";
+               return undef;
+       }
+
+       my $hd;
+       if ($sasl_mech && $sasl_mech eq "GSSAPI") {
+               my $user = sprintf("%s\@%s", $user, uc($realm));
+               if (check_ticket($user) != 0 && get_ticket($user) != 0) {
+                       print "Could not get Kerberos ticket for user [$user]\n";
+                       return undef;
+               }
+
+               $hd = Authen::SASL->new( mechanism => 'GSSAPI' ) || die "nope";
+               my $conn = $hd->client_new("ldap", $server);
+               
+               if ($conn->code == -1) {
+                       printf "%s\n", $conn->error();
+                       return undef;
+               };
+
+       } elsif ($sasl_mech) {
+
+               # here comes generic sasl code
+               $hd = Authen::SASL->new( mechanism => $sasl_mech, 
+                       callback  => { 
+                               user => \&get_user, 
+                               pass => \&get_password 
+                       } 
+               ) || die "nope";
+       } else {
+               $sasl_bind = 0;
+               print "no supported SASL mechanism found (@sasl_mechs).\n";
+               print "falling back to simple bind.\n";
+               return undef;
+       }
+
+       return $hd;
+}
+
+sub check_sasl_mech {
+       my $mech_check = shift;
+       my $have_mech = 0;
+       foreach my $mech (@sasl_mechs) {
+               $have_mech = 1 if ($mech eq uc($mech_check));
+       }
+       if (!$have_mech) {
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+
+sub parse_ads_h {
+
+       -e "$ads_h" || die "cannot open samba3 ads.h ($ads_h): $!";
+       open(ADSH,"$ads_h");
+       while (my $line = <ADSH>) {
+               chomp($line);
+               if ($line =~ /#define.UF.*0x/) {
+                       my ($tmp, $name, $val) = split(/\s+/,$line);
+                       next if ($name =~ /UNUSED/);
+#                      $ads_uf{$name} = sprintf("%d", hex $val);
+                       $ads_uf{$name} = hex $val;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /#define.GROUP_TYPE.*0x/) {
+                       my ($tmp, $name, $val) = split(/\s+/,$line);
+                       $ads_grouptype{$name} = hex $val;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /#define.ATYPE.*0x/) {
+                       my ($tmp, $name, $val) = split(/\s+/,$line);
+                       $ads_atype{$name} = 
+                               (exists $ads_atype{$val}) ? $ads_atype{$val} : hex $val;
+               }
+               if ($line =~ /#define.GTYPE.*0x/) {
+                       my ($val, $i);
+                       my ($tmp, $name, @val) = split(/\s+/,$line);
+                       foreach my $tempval (@val) {
+                               if ($tempval =~ /^0x/) {
+                                       $val = $tempval;
+                                       last;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       next if (!$val);
+                       $ads_gtype{$name} = sprintf("%d", hex $val);
+               }
+
+       }
+       close(ADSH);
+}
+
+sub store_result ($) {
+
+       my $entry = shift;
+       return if (!$entry);
+       $entry_store{$entry->dn} = $entry;
+}
+
+sub display_result_diff ($) {
+
+       my $entry_new = shift;
+       return if ( !$entry_new);
+
+       if ( !exists $entry_store{$entry_new->dn}) {
+               print "can't display any differences yet. full dump...\n";
+               display_entry_generic($entry_new);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       my $entry_old = $entry_store{$entry_new->dn};
+
+       foreach my $attr (sort $entry_new->attributes) {
+               if ( $entry_new->exists($attr) && ! $entry_old->exists($attr)) {
+                       display_attr_generic("add:\t", $entry_new, $attr);
+                       next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       foreach my $attr (sort $entry_old->attributes) {
+               if (! $entry_new->exists($attr) && $entry_old->exists($attr)) {
+                       display_attr_generic("del:\t", $entry_old, $attr);
+                       next;
+               }
+
+               # now check for all values if they have changed, display changes
+               my ($old_vals, $new_vals, @old_vals, @new_vals, %old, %new);
+
+               $old_vals = $entry_old->get_value($attr, asref => 1);
+               @old_vals = @$old_vals;
+               $new_vals = $entry_new->get_value($attr, asref => 1);
+               @new_vals = @$new_vals;
+
+               if (scalar(@old_vals) == 1 && scalar(@new_vals) == 1) {
+                       if ($old_vals[0] ne $new_vals[0]) {
+                               display_attr_generic("old:\t", $entry_old, $attr);
+                               display_attr_generic("new:\t", $entry_new, $attr);
+                       }
+                       next;
+               }
+
+               # handle multivalued diffs
+               foreach my $val (@old_vals) { $old{$val} = "dummy"; };
+               foreach my $val (@new_vals) { $new{$val} = "dummy"; };
+               foreach my $val (sort keys %new) {
+                       if (!exists $old{$val}) {
+                               display_value_generic("add:\t", $attr, $val);
+                       }
+               }
+               foreach my $val (sort keys %old) {
+                       if (!exists $new{$val}) {
+                               display_value_generic("del:\t", $attr, $val);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       print "\n";
+
+}
+
+sub sid2string ($) {
+
+       # Fix from Michael James <michael@james.st>
+       my $binary_sid = shift;
+       my($sid_rev, $num_auths, $id1, $id2, @ids) = unpack("H2 H2 n N V*", $binary_sid);
+       my $sid_string = join("-", "S", hex($sid_rev), ($id1<<32)+$id2, @ids);
+       return $sid_string;
+                       
+}
+
+sub string_to_guid {
+       my $string = shift;
+       return undef unless $string =~ /([0-9,a-z]{8})-([0-9,a-z]{4})-([0-9,a-z]{4})-([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})-([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})([0-9,a-z]{2})/i;
+       
+       return  pack("I", hex $1) . 
+               pack("S", hex $2) . 
+               pack("S", hex $3) . 
+               pack("C", hex $4) . 
+               pack("C", hex $5) .
+               pack("C", hex $6) . 
+               pack("C", hex $7) . 
+               pack("C", hex $8) . 
+               pack("C", hex $9) . 
+               pack("C", hex $10) . 
+               pack("C", hex $11);
+
+#      print "$1\n$2\n$3\n$4\n$5\n$6\n$7\n$8\n$9\n$10\n$11\n";
+}
+                                                              
+sub bindstring_to_guid {
+       my $str = shift;
+       return pack("H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2", 
+               substr($str,0,2),
+               substr($str,2,2),
+               substr($str,4,2),
+               substr($str,6,2),
+               substr($str,8,2),
+               substr($str,10,2),
+               substr($str,12,2),
+               substr($str,14,2),
+               substr($str,16,2),
+               substr($str,18,2),
+               substr($str,20,2),
+               substr($str,22,2),
+               substr($str,24,2),
+               substr($str,26,2),
+               substr($str,28,2),
+               substr($str,30,2));
+}
+
+sub guid_to_string {
+       my $guid = shift;
+       my $string = sprintf "%08X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X", 
+               unpack("I", $guid), 
+               unpack("S", substr($guid, 4, 2)), 
+               unpack("S", substr($guid, 6, 2)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 8, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 9, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 10, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 11, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 12, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 13, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 14, 1)),
+               unpack("C", substr($guid, 15, 1)); 
+       return lc($string);
+}
+
+sub guid_to_bindstring {
+       my $guid = shift;
+       return unpack("H" . 2 * length($guid), $guid),
+}
+
+sub dump_wknguid {
+       print "Dumping Well known GUIDs:\n";
+       foreach my $wknguid (keys %wknguids) {
+
+               my $guid = bindstring_to_guid($wknguids{$wknguid});
+               my $str  = guid_to_string($guid);
+               my $back = guid_to_bindstring($guid);
+
+               printf "wkguid:             %s\n", $wknguid;
+               printf "bind_string format: %s\n", $wknguids{$wknguid};
+               printf "string format:      %s\n", guid_to_string($guid);
+               printf "back to bind_string:%s\n", guid_to_bindstring($guid);
+                               
+               printf "use base: \"<WKGUID=%s,%s>\"\n", guid_to_bindstring($guid), $base;
+       }
+}
+
+sub gen_bitmask_string_format($%) {
+       my $mod = shift;
+        my (%tmp) = @_;
+       my @list;
+       foreach my $key (sort keys %tmp) {
+               push(@list, sprintf("%s %s", $tmp{$key}, $key));
+       }
+       return join("\n$mod$tabsize",@list);
+}
+
+
+sub nt_to_unixtime ($) {
+       # the number of 100 nanosecond intervals since jan. 1. 1601 (utc)
+       my $t64 = shift;
+       $t64 =~ s/(.+).{7,7}/$1/;
+       $t64 -= 11644473600;
+       return $t64;
+}
+
+sub dump_equal {
+       my $val = shift;
+       my $mod = shift || die "no mod";
+        my (%header) = @_;
+       my %tmp;
+       my $found = 0;
+       foreach my $key (keys %header) {
+               if ($header{$key} eq $val) {
+                       $tmp{"($val)"} = $key;
+                       $found = 1;
+                       last;
+               }
+       }
+       if (!$found) { $tmp{$val} = ""; };
+       return gen_bitmask_string_format($mod,%tmp);
+}
+
+sub dump_bitmask {
+       my $op = shift || die "no op";
+       my $val = shift; 
+       my $mod = shift || die "no mod";
+        my (%header) = @_;
+       my %tmp;
+       $tmp{""} = $val;
+       foreach my $key (sort keys %header) {   # sort by val !
+               if ($op eq "&") {
+                       $tmp{$key} = ( $val & $header{$key} ) ? $set:$unset; 
+               } elsif ($op eq "==") {
+                       $tmp{$key} = ( $val == $header{$key} ) ? $set:$unset; 
+               } else {
+                       print "unknown operator: $op\n";
+                       return;
+               }
+       }
+       return gen_bitmask_string_format($mod,%tmp);
+}
+
+sub dump_bitmask_and {
+       return dump_bitmask("&",@_);
+}
+
+sub dump_bitmask_equal {
+       return dump_bitmask("==",@_);
+}
+
+sub dump_uac {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_uf); # ads_uf ?
+}
+
+sub dump_uascompat {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_uascompat);
+}
+
+sub dump_gpoptions {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_gpoptions);
+}
+
+sub dump_gpflags {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_gpflags);
+}
+
+sub dump_uacc {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_uacc); 
+}
+
+sub dump_uf {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_uf);
+}
+
+sub dump_gtype {
+       my $ret = dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_grouptype);
+       $ret .= "\n$tabsize\t";
+       $ret .= dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_gtype);
+       return $ret;
+}
+
+sub dump_atype {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_atype);
+}
+
+sub dump_controls {
+       return dump_equal(@_,%ads_controls);
+}
+
+sub dump_capabilities {
+       return dump_equal(@_,%ads_capabilities);
+}
+
+sub dump_extension {
+       return dump_equal(@_,%ads_extensions);
+}
+
+sub dump_systemflags {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_systemflags);
+}
+
+sub dump_instance_type {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_instance_type);
+}
+
+sub dump_ds_func {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_ds_func);
+}
+
+sub dump_serverstate {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_serverstate);
+}
+
+sub dump_sdeffective {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_sdeffective);
+}
+
+sub dump_trustattr {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_trustattrs);
+}
+
+sub dump_trusttype {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_trusttype);
+}
+
+sub dump_trustdirection {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_trustdirection);
+}
+
+sub dump_pwdproperties {
+       return dump_bitmask_and(@_,%ads_pwdproperties);
+}
+
+sub dump_frstype {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_frstypes)
+}
+
+sub dump_mixed_domain {
+       return dump_bitmask_equal(@_,%ads_mixed_domain);
+}
+
+sub dump_sid {
+       my $bin_sid = shift;
+       return sid2string($bin_sid);
+}
+
+sub dump_guid {
+       my $guid = shift;
+       return guid_to_string($guid);
+}
+
+sub dump_secdesc {
+       my $val = shift;
+       return "FIXME: write sddl-converter!";
+}
+
+sub dump_nttime {
+       my $nttime = shift;
+       if ($nttime == 0) {
+               return sprintf("%s (%s)", "never", $nttime);
+       }
+       my $localtime = localtime(nt_to_unixtime($nttime));
+       return sprintf("%s (%s)", $localtime, $nttime);
+}
+
+sub dump_nttime_abs {
+       if ($_[0] == 9223372036854775807) {
+               return sprintf("%s (%s)", "now", $_[0]);
+       }
+       if ($_[0] == -9223372036854775808 || $_[0] == 0) { # 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
+               return sprintf("%s (%s)", "never", $_[0]);
+       }
+       # FIXME: actually *do* abs time !
+       return dump_nttime($_[0]);
+}
+
+sub dump_timestr {
+       my $time = shift;
+       if ($time eq "16010101000010.0Z") {
+               return sprintf("%s (%s)", "never", $time);
+       }
+       my ($year,$mon,$mday,$hour,$min,$sec,$zone) = 
+               unpack('a4 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a4', $time);
+       $mon -= 1;
+       my $localtime = localtime(timegm($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year));
+       return sprintf("%s (%s)", $localtime, $time);
+}
+
+sub dump_string {
+       return $_[0];
+}
+
+sub dump_int {
+       return sprintf("%d", $_[0]);
+}
+
+sub dump_munged_dial {
+       my $dial = shift;
+       return "FIXME! decode this";
+}
+
+sub dump_cert {
+       my $cert = shift;
+       open(OPENSSL, "| /usr/bin/openssl x509 -text -inform der");
+       print OPENSSL $cert;
+       close(OPENSSL);
+       return "";
+}
+
+sub dump_pkt {
+       my $pkt = shift;
+       return "not yet";
+       printf("%s: ", $pkt);
+       printf("%02X", $pkt);
+       
+}
+
+sub dump_gplink {
+
+       my $gplink = shift;
+       my $gplink_mod = $gplink;
+       my @links = split("\\]\\[", $gplink_mod);
+       foreach my $link (@links) {
+               $link =~ s/^\[|\]$//g;
+               my ($ldap_link, $opt) = split(";", $link);
+               my @array = ( "$opt", "\t" );
+               printf("%slink: %s, opt: %s\n", $tabsize, $ldap_link, dump_bitmask_and(@array, %ads_gplink_opts));
+       }
+       return $gplink;
+}
+
+sub construct_filter {
+
+       my $tmp = shift;
+
+       if (!$tmp || $opt_notify) {
+               return "(objectclass=*)";
+       }
+
+       if ($tmp && $tmp !~ /^.*\=/) {
+               return "(ANR=$tmp)";
+       }
+
+       return $tmp;
+       # (&(objectCategory=person)
+       # (userAccountControl:$ads_matching_rules{LDAP_MATCHING_RULE_BIT_AND}:=2))
+}
+
+sub construct_attrs {
+       
+       my @attrs = @_;
+       
+       if (!@attrs) {
+               push(@attrs,"*");
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_notify) {
+               push(@attrs,"uSNChanged");
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_display_metadata) {
+               push(@attrs,"msDS-ReplAttributeMetaData");
+               push(@attrs,"replPropertyMetaData");
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_verbose) {
+               push(@attrs,"nTSecurityDescriptor");
+               push(@attrs,"msDS-KeyVersionNumber");
+               push(@attrs,"msDS-User-Account-Control-Computed");
+               push(@attrs,"modifyTimeStamp");
+       }
+
+       return sort @attrs;
+}
+
+sub print_header {
+
+       print "\n";
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "uri", $uri;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "port", $port;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "base", $base;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", $sasl_bind ? "principal" : "binddn", $sasl_bind ? $upn : $binddn;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "password", $password;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "bind-type", $sasl_bind ? "SASL" : "simple";
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "sasl-mech", $sasl_mech if ($sasl_mech);
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "filter", $filter;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "scope", $scope;
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "attrs", join(", ", @attrs);
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "controls", join(", ", @ctrls_s);
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "page_size", $page_size if ($paging);
+       printf "%10s: %s\n", "start_tls", $opt_starttls ? "yes" : "no";
+       printf "\n";
+}
+
+sub gen_controls {
+
+       # setup attribute-scoped query control
+       my $asq_asn = Convert::ASN1->new;
+       $asq_asn->prepare(
+               q<      asq ::= SEQUENCE {
+                               sourceAttribute   OCTET_STRING
+                       }
+               >
+       );
+       my $ctl_asq_val = $asq_asn->encode( sourceAttribute => $opt_asq);
+       my $ctl_asq = Net::LDAP::Control->new(
+               type => $ads_controls{'LDAP_SERVER_ASQ_OID'},
+               critical => 'true',
+               value => $ctl_asq_val);
+
+
+       # setup extended dn control
+       my $asn_extended_dn = Convert::ASN1->new;
+       $asn_extended_dn->prepare(
+               q<      ExtendedDn ::= SEQUENCE {
+                               mode     INTEGER
+                       }
+               >
+       );
+
+       my $ctl_extended_dn_val = $asn_extended_dn->encode( mode => '1');
+       my $ctl_extended_dn =Net::LDAP::Control->new( 
+               type => $ads_controls{'LDAP_SERVER_EXTENDED_DN_OID'},
+               critical => 'true',
+               value => $ctl_extended_dn_val);
+
+
+       # setup notify control
+       my $ctl_notification = Net::LDAP::Control->new( 
+               type => $ads_controls{'LDAP_SERVER_NOTIFICATION_OID'},
+               critical => 'true');
+
+
+       # setup paging control
+       $ctl_paged = Net::LDAP::Control->new( 
+               type => $ads_controls{'LDAP_PAGED_RESULT_OID_STRING'},
+               critical => 'true',
+               size => $page_size);
+
+
+       if ($paging) {
+               push(@ctrls, $ctl_paged);
+               push(@ctrls_s, "LDAP_PAGED_RESULT_OID_STRING" );
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_display_extendeddn) {
+               push(@ctrls, $ctl_extended_dn);
+               push(@ctrls_s, "LDAP_SERVER_EXTENDED_DN_OID");
+       } 
+       if ($opt_notify) {
+               push(@ctrls, $ctl_notification);
+               push(@ctrls_s, "LDAP_SERVER_NOTIFICATION_OID");
+       }
+       
+       if ($opt_asq) {
+               push(@ctrls, $ctl_asq);
+               push(@ctrls_s, "LDAP_SERVER_ASQ_OID");
+       }
+       
+       return @ctrls;
+}
+
+sub display_value_generic ($$$) {
+
+       my ($mod,$attr,$value) = @_;
+       return unless (defined($value) and defined($attr));
+
+       if ( ! $opt_display_raw && exists $attr_handler{$attr} ) {
+               $value = $attr_handler{$attr}($value,$mod);
+               write_ads_list($mod,$attr,$value);
+               return;
+       }
+       write_ads($mod,$attr,$value);
+}
+
+sub display_attr_generic ($$$) {
+
+       my ($mod,$entry,$attr) = @_;
+       return if (!$attr || !$entry);
+
+       my $ref = $entry->get_value($attr, asref => 1);
+       my @values = @$ref;
+
+       foreach my $value ( sort @values) {
+               display_value_generic($mod,$attr,$value);
+       }
+}
+
+sub display_entry_generic ($) {
+
+       my $entry = shift;
+       return if (!$entry);
+
+       foreach my $attr ( sort $entry->attributes) {
+               display_attr_generic("\t",$entry,$attr);        
+       }
+}
+
+sub display_ldap_err ($) {
+
+       my $msg = shift;
+       print_header();
+       my ($package, $filename, $line, $subroutine) = caller(0);
+
+       print "got error from ADS:\n";
+       printf("%s(%d): ERROR (%s): %s\n", 
+               $subroutine, $line, $msg->code, $msg->error);
+
+}
+
+sub process_result {
+
+       my ($msg,$entry) = @_;
+
+       if (!defined($msg)) { 
+               return; 
+       }
+
+       if ($msg->code) {
+               display_ldap_err($msg);
+               exit 1;
+       }
+
+       if (!defined($entry)) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if ($entry->isa('Net::LDAP::Reference')) {
+               foreach my $ref ($entry->references) {
+                       print "\ngot Reference: [$ref]\n";
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       print "\nfound entry: ".$entry->dn."\n".("-" x 80)."\n";
+
+       display_entry_generic($entry);
+}
+
+sub default_callback {
+
+       my ($res,$obj) = @_;
+
+       if (!$opt_notify) {
+               return process_result($res,$obj);
+       } 
+}
+
+sub error_callback {
+
+       my ($msg,$entry) = @_;
+
+       if (!$msg) { 
+               return; 
+       }
+
+       if ($msg->code) {
+               display_ldap_err($msg);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+       return;
+}
+
+sub notify_callback {
+
+       my ($msg, $obj) = @_;
+
+       if (! defined($obj)) {
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if ($obj->isa('Net::LDAP::Reference')) {
+               foreach my $ref ($obj->references) {
+                       print "\ngot Reference: [$ref]\n";
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       while (1) {
+
+               my $async_entry = $async_search->pop_entry;
+
+               if (!$async_entry->dn) {
+                       print "very weird. entry has no dn\n";
+                       next;
+               }
+       
+               printf("\ngot changenotify for dn: [%s]\n%s\n", $async_entry->dn, ("-" x 80));
+
+               my $new_usn = $async_entry->get_value('uSNChanged');
+               if (!$usn || $new_usn > $usn) {
+                       $usn = $new_usn;
+                       if ($opt_notify_nodiffs) {
+                               display_entry_generic($async_entry);
+                       } else {
+                               display_result_diff($async_entry);
+                       }
+               } 
+               store_result($async_entry);
+       }
+}
+
+sub do_bind($$) {
+
+       my $async_ldap_hd = shift || return undef;
+       my $sasl_bind = shift;
+
+       if ($sasl_bind) {
+               if (!$works_sasl) {
+                       print "this version of Net::LDAP does not have proper SASL support.\n";
+                       print "Need at least perl-ldap V. $pref_version\n";
+               }
+               $sasl_hd = get_sasl_hd();
+               if (!$sasl_hd) {
+                       print "failed to create SASL handle\n";
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               $mesg = $async_ldap_hd->bind( 
+                       sasl => $sasl_hd, 
+                       callback => \&error_callback 
+               ) || die "doesnt work"; 
+       } else {
+               $sasl_mech = "";
+               $mesg = $async_ldap_hd->bind( 
+                       $binddn, 
+                       password => $password, 
+                       callback => \&error_callback
+               ) || die "doesnt work";
+       };
+       if ($mesg->code) { 
+               display_ldap_err($mesg);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+sub do_unbind() {
+       if ($async_ldap_hd) {
+               $async_ldap_hd->unbind;
+       }
+       if ($sync_ldap_hd) {
+               $sync_ldap_hd->unbind;
+       }
+}
+
+###############################################################################
+
+sub main () {
+
+       $filter = construct_filter($query);
+       @attrs  = construct_attrs(@attrs);
+       @ctrls  = gen_controls();
+       if (check_ctrls($server,$dse,@ctrls) == -1) {
+               print "not all required LDAP Controls are supported by this server\n";
+               exit 1;
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_dump_rootdse) {
+               print "Dumping Root-DSE:\n";
+               display_entry_generic($dse);
+               exit 0;
+       }
+
+       if ($opt_dump_wknguid) {
+               dump_wknguid();
+               exit 0;
+       }
+
+       if (do_bind($async_ldap_hd, $sasl_bind) == -1) {
+               exit 1;
+       }
+
+       print_header();
+
+       if ($opt_dump_schema) {
+               print "Dumping Schema:\n";
+               my $ads_schema = $async_ldap_hd->schema;
+               $ads_schema->dump;
+               exit 0;
+       }
+
+       while (1) {
+
+               $async_search = $async_ldap_hd->search( 
+                       base => $base, 
+                       filter => $filter, 
+                       attrs => [ @attrs ],
+                       control => [ @ctrls ], 
+                       callback => \&default_callback,
+                       scope => $scope,
+                               ) || die "cannot search";
+
+               if ($opt_notify) {
+
+                       print "Base [$base] is registered now for change-notify\n";
+                       print "\nWaiting for change-notify...\n";
+
+                       my $sync_ldap_hd = get_ldap_hd($server,0);
+                       if (do_bind($sync_ldap_hd, $sasl_bind) == -1) {
+                               exit 2;
+                       }
+
+                       my $sync_search = $sync_ldap_hd->search( 
+                               base => $base, 
+                               filter => $filter, 
+                               attrs => [ @attrs ],
+                               callback => \&notify_callback,
+                               scope => $scope,
+                               ) || die "cannot search";
+
+               }
+
+               $total_entry_count += $async_search->count;
+               ++$page_count;
+               print "-" x 80 . "\n";
+               printf("Got %d Entries in Page %d \n\n", 
+                       $async_search->count, $page_count);
+               my ($resp) = $async_search->control( 
+                       $ads_controls{'LDAP_PAGED_RESULT_OID_STRING'} ) or last;
+               last unless ref $resp && $ctl_paged->cookie($resp->cookie);
+       }
+
+       if ($async_search->entries == 0) {
+               print "No entries found with filter $filter\n";
+       } else {
+               print "Got $total_entry_count Entries in $page_count Pages\n" if ($paging);
+       }
+
+       do_unbind()
+}
+
+main();
+
+exit 0;