2 * QEMU PC System Emulator
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
29 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
30 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
31 #define LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME "linux_boot.bin"
33 #define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR 0x00100000
34 #define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR 0x00400000
35 #define KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR 0x00090000
36 #define KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR 0x00099000
39 int dummy_refresh_clock;
40 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
41 static RTCState *rtc_state;
43 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
47 /* PC cmos mappings */
49 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE 0x14
50 #define REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE 0x32
51 #define REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE 0x37
54 static inline int to_bcd(RTCState *s, int a)
56 return ((a / 10) << 4) | (a % 10);
59 static void cmos_init(int ram_size, int boot_device)
61 RTCState *s = rtc_state;
67 /* set the CMOS date */
72 val = to_bcd(s, (tm->tm_year / 100) + 19);
73 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
74 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_IBM_PS2_CENTURY_BYTE, val);
76 /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
79 val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
82 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
83 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
84 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
85 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
87 val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
90 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
91 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
96 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x01); /* floppy boot */
100 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x02); /* hard drive boot */
103 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, 0x03); /* CD-ROM boot */
109 fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
110 fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
115 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
119 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
123 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
129 /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
133 /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
137 /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
141 rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
153 val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
156 val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
159 val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
160 val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
161 rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
165 static void speaker_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
167 speaker_data_on = (val >> 1) & 1;
168 pit_set_gate(&pit_channels[2], val & 1);
171 static uint32_t speaker_ioport_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
174 out = pit_get_out(&pit_channels[2], qemu_get_clock(vm_clock));
175 dummy_refresh_clock ^= 1;
176 return (speaker_data_on << 1) | pit_channels[2].gate | (out << 5) |
177 (dummy_refresh_clock << 4);
180 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
182 cpu_x86_set_a20(cpu_single_env, (val >> 1) & 1);
183 /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
186 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
188 return ((cpu_single_env->a20_mask >> 20) & 1) << 1;
191 /***********************************************************/
192 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
194 void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
197 /* Bochs BIOS messages */
200 fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
205 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
209 /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
212 fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
217 fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
223 void bochs_bios_init(void)
225 register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
226 register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
227 register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
228 register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
230 register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
231 register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
232 register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
233 register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
237 int load_kernel(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr,
243 fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
247 /* load 16 bit code */
248 if (read(fd, real_addr, 512) != 512)
250 setup_sects = real_addr[0x1F1];
253 if (read(fd, real_addr + 512, setup_sects * 512) !=
257 /* load 32 bit code */
258 size = read(fd, addr, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
268 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
269 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
270 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
272 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
274 static uint32_t ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
275 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
277 /* PC hardware initialisation */
278 void pc_init(int ram_size, int vga_ram_size, int boot_device,
279 DisplayState *ds, const char **fd_filename, int snapshot,
280 const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
281 const char *initrd_filename)
284 int ret, linux_boot, initrd_size, i, nb_nics1, fd;
286 linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
289 cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, 0);
292 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, BIOS_FILENAME);
293 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000f0000);
294 if (ret != 0x10000) {
295 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC bios '%s'\n", buf);
300 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
301 ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + 0x000c0000);
303 /* setup basic memory access */
304 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000, 0xc0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
305 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000, 0x20000, IO_MEM_UNASSIGNED);
306 cpu_register_physical_memory(0xf0000, 0x10000, 0xf0000 | IO_MEM_ROM);
311 uint8_t bootsect[512];
313 if (bs_table[0] == NULL) {
314 fprintf(stderr, "A disk image must be given for 'hda' when booting a Linux kernel\n");
317 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, LINUX_BOOT_FILENAME);
318 ret = load_image(buf, bootsect);
319 if (ret != sizeof(bootsect)) {
320 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load linux boot sector '%s'\n",
325 bdrv_set_boot_sector(bs_table[0], bootsect, sizeof(bootsect));
327 /* now we can load the kernel */
328 ret = load_kernel(kernel_filename,
329 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,
330 phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
332 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
339 if (initrd_filename) {
340 initrd_size = load_image(initrd_filename, phys_ram_base + INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
341 if (initrd_size < 0) {
342 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
347 if (initrd_size > 0) {
348 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x218, INITRD_LOAD_ADDR);
349 stl_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x21c, initrd_size);
351 pstrcpy(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR, 4096,
353 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x20, 0xA33F);
354 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x22,
355 KERNEL_CMDLINE_ADDR - KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR);
357 stw_raw(phys_ram_base + KERNEL_PARAMS_ADDR + 0x210, 0x01);
360 /* init basic PC hardware */
361 register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
363 vga_initialize(ds, phys_ram_base + ram_size, ram_size,
366 rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, 8);
367 register_ioport_read(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_read, NULL);
368 register_ioport_write(0x61, 1, 1, speaker_ioport_write, NULL);
370 register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read, NULL);
371 register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write, NULL);
376 fd = serial_open_device();
377 serial_init(0x3f8, 4, fd);
380 if (nb_nics1 > NE2000_NB_MAX)
381 nb_nics1 = NE2000_NB_MAX;
382 for(i = 0; i < nb_nics1; i++) {
383 ne2000_init(ne2000_io[i], ne2000_irq[i], &nd_table[i]);
386 for(i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
387 ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], ide_irq[i],
388 bs_table[2 * i], bs_table[2 * i + 1]);
394 /* no audio supported yet for win32 */
399 floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(6, 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd_table);
401 cmos_init(ram_size, boot_device);